Electric discharge technology for producing synthetic oil from a mixture of brown coal and solvent
- Schematic of reactor EDThe electro-discharge zone is in direct contact with the HC feedstock to be treated, which is fed continuously. Under the influence of high-energy electrons and plasma ions, HC molecules, which are part of the feedstock, undergo degradation and are divided into lower molecular weight compounds.
The effective residence time of the petroleum product in the electrodischarge zone is about 12 microseconds.
Advantages of ED processes
- The main advantage of energy conversion under the conditions of electrodischarge processes (EDP) consists in high rates of the cracking reaction. Intensification of cracking processes occurs under the action of high temperature (about 105 K) and high specific power of electric discharges, which lead to the formation of a high concentration of active radicals, ions and electrons.
- The electron energy at EPR is about 10 eV, which allows the splitting of hydrocarbons through C-C (6.2 eV) and C-H (5.5 eV) bonds.
- Exposure of fuel oil to EAF causes many chemical reactions leading to degradation of high molecular weight compounds of fuel oil, which increases the efficiency compared to thermal cracking.
- Electric discharge cracking of tar sandsThe unit operates at a raw material temperature of 100-160ºC, power consumption of the reactors 12.5 kW, occupied area of about 5 square meters. The productivity is about 1 t/h.
1- power source;
2- high-voltage wires;
3- electric discharge reactors;
4- pump nsh-100;
5- tank for the initial product;
6- tank for processed product;
7- exhaust hood for gases.
Processing procedure
- The ER process of processing a mixture of brown coal and solvent takes place at a temperature of 20-30℃. At the outlet of the reactor, the temperature is about 50℃.
- First stage: 600 kg of brown coal are mixed with 400 kg of accumulated solvent. The mixture enters the reactor and then for distillation. During distillation, 615 kg of solvent, 35 kg of gas, 330 kg of solid residue and 20 kg of water are obtained. 400 kg of solvent are sent for recycling. The commercial product is 215 kg of synthetic oil and 2 kg of water.
- Second stage: 600 kg of brown coal are mixed with 400 kg of the obtained solvent. The mixture enters the reactor and then for distillation. During the distillation process, 615 kg of solvent, 35 kg of gas, 330 kg of solid residue and 20 kg of water are obtained. 400 kg of solvent are sent for recycling. The commercial product is 215 kg of synthetic oil and 2 kg of water.
Products of tar sands processing and energy costs
- At processing of 1000 kg of tar using ER technology can be obtained, kg: 80 - gas, 350 - distillation and 570 - residue.
- The distillation after the first distillation complies with the requirements of the specifications for heating oil.
- The residue is a component of road bitumen. It has a penetration index of 100 - 150 dmm and ring and ball softening temperature (RST) of 60 - 73oC, it can also be used as a component of delayed coking raw materials.
- Energy costs for ER treatment of 1000 kg of tar: power supply consumption of the ER reactor about 12.5 kW, heating of tar (from 25 to 160°C) - 55 kW, pump motor operation - 3 kW. Total: 70.5 kW for processing 1000 kg of tar.
Approximate economic calculation of a project for the production of synthetic oil (SO) from a mixture of brown coal and solvent (3,960 t/year)
- Experimental production unit
in a container
Technical characteristics
of the experimental production unit
of the experimental production unit
